Trade, terrorism talks back on track with Indonesian President in Australia

After cancelling his November trip due to protests in Jakarta, Joko Widodo has touchdown in Sydney for talks with Malcolm Turnbull, business leaders and community members.

Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull meets Indonesian President Joko Widodo for a bilateral morning meeting during his last day at the ASEAN

Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull with Indonesian President Joko Widodo. Source: AAP

Indonesian President Joko Widodo is making his first state visit to Australia this weekend, with trade and terrorism set to top the agenda.

Mr Widodo will meet with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, business leaders, and members of the Indonesian community in Sydney on his two-day trip - rescheduled after he was forced to cancel a planned visit last November.

Researcher Aaron Connelly, from the Lowy Institute, describes it as the latest meeting in a "home and away" series - a system of reciprocal visits, each country taking it in turn to visit each other.
"This is really the 2016 meeting that was meant to take place in Australia," Mr Connelly explains. "That means that there's not necessarily a particular deliverable or issue that's meant to be discussed, it's not a meeting that's being held for a particular purpose, but it's important for these leaders to be in contact on a regular basis."

Mr Turnbull's visit to Jakarta in November 2015 signalled a shift in Australia-Indonesia relations; his dynamic with Mr Widodo noticeably warmer than that of his predecessor, Tony Abbott. The two leaders shared a trip to a local textiles market to round off formalities, joking and sweating together in a jostling crowd.
Malcolm Turnbull and Joko Widodo in Jakarta
Malcolm Turnbull and Joko Widodo in Jakarta. Source: AAP
The day before Mr Widodo was set to return the favour a year later, protests broke out in the Indonesian capital.

Outside the State Palace, more than 100,000 people gathered to denounce Jakarta's first ethnic Chinese Governor, Basuki Tjahaja "Ahok" Purnama, also a close ally of the President. Islamist groups demanded Ahok's prosecution for blasphemy, after comments he made during his gubernatorial campaign.
Mr Widodo felt he had to stay in Indonesia at the time, to ensure social and political stability, Mr Connelly says. But now that tensions have eased, Mr Widodo has rescheduled his visit.

"It's really an opportunity for Australia and Indonesia to get on the same page when it comes to the strategic situation in the region," Mr Connelly said. "Both countries actually have a lot more in common in how they see the rise of China than they actually realise."

Prime Minister Turnbull's office has released a statement suggesting trade and counter-terrorism cooperation will be at the heart of discussions.

"Identifying opportunities for expanding our economic, investment and commercial relationship will be a focus of our discussions, including our commitment to concluding a high-quality Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement later this year," it read.

"Indonesia is also one of Australia's most valued counter-terrorism partners. Our practical cooperation makes our communities safer and our region more secure."

Indonesia has a "love-hate relationship", when it comes to trade, Mr Connelly observes.

"Indonesia's policies are extraordinarily protectionist by the standards of the region," he said.

Trade between the two countries amounts to less than that between Australia and New Zealand, despite Indonesia's relative enormity in size.

Despite only marginal progress expected in trade talks, crucially, this visit will allow Mr Turnbull and Mr Widodo to further develop their relationship after a rocky few years of foreign relations.
Mr Widodo is the first Indonesian President not from the military or the political elite.

The youthful, self-made son of a carpenter, Mr Widodo built himself a furniture and export business. Then, "Jokowi", as everyone calls him, became the popular governor of Jakarta.

Elected in July 2014 with a narrow victory, he won as a political outsider, determined to confront the wealthy ruling elite, in a country where corruption is said to be rife.

A self-styled man of the people, often described as a "rock star president", he is a declared fan of heavy metal music and has started sending his own video blogs from soccer matches and noodle shops.

Jokowi has become known for his culture of blusakan - impromptu visits to to certain areas to listen to people's issues.

In a TV debate before he took office, he said Australia had shown a "lack of trust" in Indonesia, through its policies on asylum seekers and phone tapping attempts on officials.

In 2013, documents leaked by Edward Snowden revealed Australia's tapping of phone lines, including the private telephones of then President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and his inner circle, even his wife. Indonesia recalled its ambassador in the ensuing diplomatic spat.

Relations had already been soured by Australia's "turn back the boats" policy on asylum seekers, with border guards allegedly paying people smugglers to head back to Indonesia.

In April 2015, despite pressure and pleas from friends, family and the Australian government, Indonesia executed convicted drug smugglers Myuran Sukumaran and Andrew Chan, two members of the so-called 'Bali Nine". Australia withdrew its ambassador and reduced its foreign aid to Indonesia by almost half.

A former Indonesian judge said then that the push for Sukumaran and Chan to die had come from President Widodo personally.
But ahead of his original scheduled visit in November, Mr Widodo hinted at abolishing the death penalty.

In January, Indonesia's military chief announced he was suspending all military cooperation with Australia, after some allegedly offensive material was discovered during a military exchange program at Perth's Campbell Barracks.

"Australians often assume that there's an Indonesian policy on a particular issue, but often there are several Indonesian policies on a particular issue. There's not a lot of coordination," Mr Connelly said.

"It appears General Gatot Nurmantyo did so of his own volition, without really consulting the President or the rest of the Cabinet or his Defence Minister."

Since then, the suspension of cooperation has been limited on language programs, with Indonesian officials describing their decision to do so as a result of "technical" challenges.

Still, Mr Widodo says, trust has been restored between Australia and Indonesia.
Formalities aside, this weekend's visit is an opportunity to cement a new friendship, and perhaps a new era of relations between two neighbours.

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6 min read
Published 25 February 2017 6:39am
Updated 25 February 2017 12:46pm
By Nastasya Tay


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